【Hotry 4k Neuroendoscopy System】 In neurosurgery, how should we choose an endoscopic device? Can endoscopic systems in other departments be competent for neurosurgery?

In terms of the clinical use environment of endoscopes, the clinical environment of neurosurgery is more severe and complex than other surgical clinical environments. We often find that some laparoscopic systems or other surgical endoscopic systems have poor clinical application in neurosurgery. This problem is mainly due to two reasons:

1. Neuroendoscopic surgery, especially through the nasal approach, requires the endoscope to perform clear imaging in a bloody environment at all times, and the wavelength of red light is the longest and the most penetrating. Light appears, if the device does not make effective adjustments to the algorithm, it will greatly affect the overall imaging quality of the camera system. Compared with the outside world, the bloody environment in endoscopic and other surgical operations is very small, so some endoscopic systems will naturally not spend a lot of time on the algorithm.

2. In transnasal surgery, we often use a skull base optical scope with a diameter of only 4 mm, and the diameter of the ventriculoscope selected for transcranial surgery is smaller. These smaller diameter and more precise neuroendoscopes will naturally have a much lower luminous flux than 10mm diameter endoscopes, so the smaller the diameter of the endoscope, the higher the requirements for the CMOS image sensor of the endoscope camera system. Therefore, some endoscopic camera systems developed based on endoscopes with a diameter of 10mm cannot be combined with thinner skull base scope to successfully play the original level.

Therefore, we should consider the following points when selecting an endoscopic system for neurosurgical endoscopic procedures:

1. Bloody Environment Color

In neurosurgery, red has basically become the main color for imaging, and we should observe:

(1) Is there an excessive red overflow in the surgical image presented by the endoscopic system, and whether some tissues that are not affected by blood show normal colors?

(2) When the blood environment is rich, can the endoscopic system accurately present the red color of each level?

2. Dark Field Effect

When we use a fine skull base scope, can the image be kept balanced and bright, especially when some light sources are blocked by organizations, will there be dark areas in the surgical image?

3.Operation in Narrow Space

In neurosurgery, there are many cases of multi-instrument operation in a narrow space. Some instruments without "PVD black coating" will reflect the light path of the endoscope, causing the operation screen to suddenly darken and affecting the operation. And some endoscopic systems that use the "automatic gain" function will use algorithms to control the gain to ensure that the surgical image can be balanced and bright when the instrument reflects light.

4. Depth of Field Imaging

During the surgery, we need to observe the depth of field distance of the endoscopic system, that is, the depth range to keep the picture clear. The endoscopic system with good depth of field imaging can avoid multiple adjustments of the focus during the operation, and can provide us with more visual information

5.Imaging Time-lapse

An endoscopic device needs to go through multiple transmission and processing from the endoscopy lens to the display of the image on the medical monitor. Although the current technology has been very developed, especially in the skull base surgery with intricate blood vessels and nerves, any tiny delays will affect surgery.